英语词汇小知识:不定代词详解

时间:2025-10-30 11:21:38
英语词汇小知识:不定代词详解

英语词汇小知识:不定代词详解

不定代词是代词种类中相对复杂的一种,数量较多且很多词意思几乎相同但修饰不同类型的名词,因此学习者们很容易混淆使用,犯低级错误导致不必要的丢分。不定代词在各类考试中都是考查的重点,所以小编这次就为大家带来不定代词的讲解,希望能给各位学习者们提供帮助。

1.定义: 不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。

2.种类:英语中不定代词数量非常多

some(something,somebody,someone,somewhere)

any(anything,anybody,anyone,anywhere)

no(nothing,nobody,no one)

every(everything,everybody,everyone,everywhere)

all,each,both,much,many,(a)little

(a)few,other(s),another,none,one,either, neither

and so on.

3.用法比较:

① some和any:两者都是“一些”的意思,都可和可数名词或不可数名词连用。some一般用于肯定句中或表示请求意义的疑问句;而any则用于否定句、疑问句或条件从句中.

eg.Tom has some picture books

Have you any questions?

Why don’t you bring some flowers?

② few 与 little:few和a few 后接复数名词,而little和a little后接不可数名词。few 和 little表示数量很少或几乎没有,强调“少”,含有否定意义,a few 和 a little 则表示数量虽然少但毕竟还有,强调“有”,含有肯定意义。

eg.He knew few of them.

I have only a few of pens.

He knew little about it.

There is still a little water in the bottle.

③ all, every, each:all 强调整体地考虑总体,every 强调考虑总体中的所有成员(与all很接近,但all通常与复数名词搭配,every通常与单数名词搭配),each则强调逐个逐个地考虑总体,all和each既可单独使用,也可后接名词,还可后接of短语,而every 后必须接名词,既不能单独使用也不能后接 of 短语,each 指两者或两者以上的“每个”,every指三者或三者以上“每个”。

eg. All of us need to sit down.

Each of us has a book.

Every kid like chocolate.

④ both,neither,either:both指两者,带有肯定意译,neither指两者,带有否定意义,either指两者中的任何一个。

eg. Both of us can speak Chinese.

She can't sing,neither (can) he.

Either of them will help us.

好了以上就是小编为大家带来的不定代词总结归纳,内容是不是非常丰富呢?大家有没有全部记住呢?学习不定代词的重点就在于辨析意思相近的代词,只要能掌握各个词的特点,清楚的区分它们不同的作用和修饰方法,就能慢慢地走上正轨了。

不定代词定语从句

一、不定代词定语从句用法

在限制性定语从句中,当先行词指人时,关系词可用who(作宾语是还可用whom)或that,二者常可互换.

但在下列情况中,用who(m),而不用that:

(1) 当先行词是one,ones,any,few,anyone,anybody,someone,somebody,everyone,

everybody等词时.如:

Is there anyone who can answer this question?

He was among the few who managed to live through the enemy prison camp.

注:在非正式文体中可以说:You’re the one that knows where to go.)

(2) 当先行词是he,they,those,people,person等词时.如:

He who wants to catch fish just not mind getting wet.

Those who are against the proposal put up your hands.

注:在固定结构的谚语或习语中,可用he that….如:

He that promises too much means nothing.

(3) 当先行词有较长的后置定语修饰时.如:

Do you know the writer in blue with thick glasses who is speaking at the meeting?

(4) 在分隔式定语从句中,若先行词指人,为了明确修饰关系,应当用who(m).如:

A new master will came tomorrow who will teach you German.

There’s only one student in the school who/whom I wanted to see.

I was the only person in my office who was invited.

(5) 两个定语从句同时修饰一个指人的先行词,第二个定语从句常用who(m)来引导,如:

She is the only girl I know who can play the guitar.

二、定语从句用法归纳

定语从句由关系代词who、whom、whose、which、what、as和关系副词where、when、why等引导,但须记住:

1.what不能引导定语从句.

2.关系词的分析须考虑它在定语从句 ……此处隐藏1621个字……助动词或情态动词后面的实义动词省去,则位于助动词或情态动词之前。

Who can speak Japanese?We both (all) can.

5) all/any/none

all (所有的,全部的人或物),any (任何一个),none (都不)。以上词使用范围为三者以上。

All the flowers are gone.所有的花都谢了。

I dont like any of the flowers.这些花我都不喜欢。

I like none of the flowers.这些花我都不喜欢。

注意:all与none用法一样。跟单数名词,用单数动词;跟复数名词,用复数动词。

All of the students are there.所有的学生都在那。

All (of) the milk is there.所有的牛奶都在那。

3.every和each的用法(☆☆☆重要考点)

1)every强调全体的概念,each强调个体概念。

Every student in our school works hard.我们学校的学生都很用功。

Each student may have one book..每个学生都可有一本书。

2)every指三个以上的人或物(含三个),each指两个以上的人或物(含两个)。

3)every只作形容词,不可单独使用。each可作代词或形容词。

Every student has to take one.

Each boy has to take one.

Each of the boys has to take one.

4)every不可以作状语,each可作状语。

5)every有反复重复的意思,如every two weeks等;each没有。

6)every与not连用,表示部分否定;each和not连用表示全部否定。

Every man is not honest.并非每个人都诚实。

Each man is not honest.这儿每个人都不诚实。

4.neither与nor的用法

1)如前句是否定式从句,则主句用neither,而不用nor。

If you dont do it,neither should I.如果你不干,我也不干。

2)如后连续有几个否定句式,则用nor,不用neither。

He cant sing,nor dance,nor skate.

5.代词比较one,that和it(☆☆☆重要考点)

1)one表示泛指,that和it表示特指。that与所指名词为同类,但不是同一个,而it与所指名词为同一个。

I cant find my hat. I think I must buy one.(不定)

我找不到我的帽子了。我想我该去买一顶。

The hat you bought is bigger than that I bought.(同类但不同个)你买的那顶帽子比我买的大。

I cant find my hat. I don t know where I put it.(同一物)我找不到我的帽子。我不知道我把它放在哪了

6.one/another/the other的用法

onethe other只有两个

somethe others有三个以上

oneanother,another

someothers,others

others = other people/things

the others = the rest剩余的全部

1)泛指另一个用another。

2)一定范围内两人(物),一个用one,另一个用the other。

3)一定范围内三者,一个用one,另一个用one (another),第三个可用the other,a third。

4)一定范围内,除去一部分人/物,剩余的全部用the others。

5)泛指别的人或物时,用others当在一定范围内,除去一部分后,剩余部分但不是全部时,也用others。

7.anyone/any one;no one/none的用法

1) anyone和any one

anyone仅指人,any one既可指人,也可指物。

2) no one和none

a)none后跟of短语,既可指人又可指物,而no one只单独使用,只指人。

b)none作主语,谓语动词用单,复数均可,而no one作主语谓语动词只能是单数。

None of you could lift it.你们中没有人可举起它。

---- Did any one call me up just now?--刚才有人打电话给我吗?

---- No one.--没有。

8. few, little, a few, a little的用法

1)(a) few +可数名词, (a) little +不可数名词

2)a few / a little为肯定含义,还有一点

3)few / little为否定含义,没有多少了。

He has a few friends.他有几个朋友。

He has few friends.他几乎没有朋友。

We still have a little time.我们还有点时间。

There is little time left.几乎没剩下什么时间了。

4)固定搭配:

only a few (=few)not a few (=many)quite a few (=many)

many a (=many)

Many books were sold.

Many a book was sold.

卖出了许多书。

9many, much的用法

Many,much都意为许多,many +可数名词,much +不可数名词。

How many people are there at the meeting?

How much time has we left?

Many of the workers were at the meeting.

Much of the time was spent on learning

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